J.S. Bach (1685-1750) was a German composer of the Baroque era.

Bach’s Cantata No. 121 is a rare instance of his use of trombones. Trombones qre used sparingly, limited to the chorale at the end of the cantata. The alto trombone doubles violin II, the tenor trombone doubles the violas and the bass trombone doubles the continuo.

Gustav Mahler (1816-1911) was an Austrian composer whose musical styles spanned the Late Romantic and Early Modern periods.

Mahler’s first symphony (also known as “Titan”) was completed in 1888.